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Coming back to the body: a simple guide to your nervous system

By Nicole · 9 min read · July 2026

"Come back to your body; that is where the truth is."

Ann Weiser Cornell

Chronic stress, trouble sleeping, physical discomfort, sadness, low energy, and cloudy thinking can all be signs of disconnection from the body, and of being less in touch with ourselves, others, and life.

Many of us notice these mental, emotional, and physical symptoms every day. Yet when we look for healing, meaning, or clarity, we often forget how important it is to connect with our bodies.

When we feel disconnected, we often look for answers outside ourselves. We might try a new tool, read a self-help book, or attend a workshop. These actions may help for a while, but the main problems remain. We face the same symptoms and challenges, and we wonder why things don't change, even when we try hard.

Healing begins in the body

Healing from unresolved trauma often begins by paying attention to the body's signals. The body can support recovery because it reflects what is happening beneath the surface. Unresolved traumas and emotional wounds do not exist only in the mind; they are embodied experiences, carried each day. Noticing emotional triggers, aches, pains, and stress can be the first step toward deeper healing.

Healing, like building a house, needs a strong foundation. If we don't address the fight, flight, shutdown, or fawn states and support our nervous system, it's hard to make lasting changes or do any meaningful inner work. Real change starts when you feel grounded, safe, and present in your body. That is always the first step, and it doesn't usually happen on our own.

Why breathwork alone isn't enough

What I hear often from people is that they try — very hard — to regulate their nervous system and reconnect with themselves through grounding, breathwork, "exercises that shift their bodies out of fight-or-flight mode," or that "stimulate the vagus nerve." These are all enticing phrases we hear often on social media, but they aren't enough to recover from years of built-up stress and unresolved trauma.

The nervous system is designed to adapt, with the right understanding and support. Learning to work with discomfort as a signal, not a threat, is important. Building somatic capacity and relational safety is often what is needed. Approaches like somatic experiencing, hakomi, focusing, craniosacral and myofascial release, and sensorimotor psychotherapy can help along the way.

A simple guide to your nervous system

Your nervous system helps your body adapt and survive. Simply put, it's there to give you the best chance of staying alive, and its main job is to protect you. Think of it as an internal guard dog, always on the lookout for safety or danger. It also controls your heart rate, digestion, and sleep, and it shapes how you respond to the world. It is composed of two parts.

The central nervous system

The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. It controls high-level functioning like thoughts, memories, emotions, and sensory processing. It also manages reflexes and makes sense of the information sent from the peripheral nervous system.

The peripheral nervous system

The peripheral nervous system is a network of nerves branching from the spinal cord. It transmits information to and from the brain to the rest of the body, and monitors and adjusts the body's homeostasis, helping to regulate automatic processes like digestion and heart rate. Within it are two branches: the somatic nervous system, which controls voluntary movements like typing, speaking, and running, and the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary processes like sweating, digesting, and heart rate.

Polyvagal theory: the autonomic ladder

One of the most powerful models I've found for working with the nervous system comes from neuroscientist and psychologist Dr Stephen Porges, called Polyvagal Theory. Developed in the early 1990s after his study of the vagus nerve, his teachings have since been built on by many other professionals.

His theory essentially holds that there are multiple levels at which our nervous systems respond to the world. These form an autonomic ladder that moves from lack of safety to safety, and back again.

1
Ventral vagal — safe and social Part of the parasympathetic nervous system, also called the social engagement system. We feel safe, open to connection, curious, compassionate, and playful. Heart rate is steady, muscles relaxed, breath easy. Digestion and immunity are strong, and we can rest and engage.
2
Sympathetic — fight, flight, or fawn A mobilised stress state. Heart rate speeds up, muscles tense, adrenaline rises. Hands go cold or sweaty, breath quickens, pupils dilate, and we feel hypervigilant.
3
Dorsal vagal — shutdown A more primal part of the parasympathetic nervous system. Under overwhelming stress the body begins to shut down or immobilise. Signs include low mood, social withdrawal, low energy, and dissociation.
4
Freeze — accelerator and brake at once When fight-or-flight and shutdown activate at the same time — like pressing the accelerator and brake together. When we cannot escape stress, we enter this mixed state. Signs include depression, extreme tiredness, held breath, feeling cold, emotional numbness, musculoskeletal pain, chronic fatigue, and cognitive difficulty.

What regulation actually means

Learning to regulate your nervous system means moving out of chronic stress states and spending more time in the ventral vagal state. Regulation is when we can move through all four states without getting stuck — when we can always return to a baseline.

Note: this is a working draft adapted from Nicole's longer piece; final wording and references to be confirmed before publishing.

Nicole Somatic Experiencing Practitioner® · Newtown

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